Ultrasonically enhanced transdermal drug delivery: experimental approaches to elucidate the mechanism
Ultrasound affected the skin permeability of both ionized and unionized molecules. No irreversible structural alterations due to the ultrasound exposure were detected in the stratum corneum.
The ultrasound enhancing mechanism is discussed. Permeation molecule ionization state, pH, ultrasound duration, reversibility of the enhancement phenomenon, and skin structural alterations were evaluated.
Kost J. and Machluf M., J. Biomat. Sci. Polym. Edn., 5, 1/2, 1993, p.147-156; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel. …
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